What are the types of elbow pipe fitting

What is elbow pipe fitting

The elbow is used to change the direction of the pipe. The bending angles of commonly used elbow pipe fitting are 90°, 45° and 180°. The 180° elbow is also called U-shaped elbow. There are also special angle elbow pipe fitting, but there are very few elbow pipe fitting.


The types of elbow pipe fitting are as follows:

1. Malleable steel elbow

Malleable iron elbow, also known as malleable cast iron elbow, is the most common threaded elbow.

The specifications of malleable steel elbow pipe fitting are relatively small, and the commonly used specifications range from 1/2 to 4 inches. According to their different surface treatments, they are divided into galvanized and non-galvanized.

This kind of malleable steel pipe fittings are mainly used for heating, water pipes and gas pipes. In the process, except for the low-pressure pipeline that needs to be frequently disassembled, other material pipelines are rarely used.


2. Pressed elbow

Pressed elbow pipe fitting, also called stamped elbow pipe fitting or seamless elbow pipe fitting, are made of high-quality carbon steel, stainless acid-resistant steel and low-alloy steel seamless pipes, etc., and are pressed into a special mold.

The bending radius is one and a half times the nominal diameter (R=1.5DN). In special occasions, an elbow with a bending radius equal to the nominal diameter (R=1DN) can also be used.

Its specification range is within DN20～600mm.

The wall thickness range is consistent with the table number of seamless steel pipe.

Pressed elbow pipe fitting are generally stamped and processed by standard seamless steel pipes by professional manufacturers or processing plants. When leaving the factory, both ends of the elbow should be grooved.


3. Stamping and welding elbow

Stamping and welding elbow pipe fitting are formed by stamping a plate into a half-circular elbow through a die, and then the two half-ring elbow pipe fitting are assembled and welded to form.

The bending radius is the same as the seamless pipe elbow, and the specification range is above 200mm in nominal diameter.


4. Welded elbow

Welded elbow, also called shrimp waist or shrimp body elbow.

There are two production methods:

One is to cut steel sheets in the processing plant, roll them and weld them after cutting, and most of them are used for the matching of steel sheets and tubes.

The other is to cut the material with pipes, which are formed by butt welding, and its specifications are generally above 200mm. The operating temperature cannot be higher than 200℃, and it can generally be made at the construction site.


5. High pressure elbow

The high-pressure elbow is forged from high-quality carbon steel or low-alloy steel.

According to the pipe connection form, both ends of the elbow are processed into threads or grooves, and the processing precision is very high. It is required that the threads of the pipe mouth and the flange mouth can be tightly matched and screwed in freely without loosening.

It is suitable for petrochemical pipelines with pressures of 22.0 and 32.0MPa. The commonly used specifications range from DN6 to 200mm.

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